中子吸收碳化硼陶瓷

碳化硼(B4C)具有良好的中子吸收能力，其中子俘获截面积高，俘获能谱宽，10B的热截面高达3750barn(barn-核反应的截面单位, 1.0*10-24cm2)仅次于钆Gd、钐Sm、镉Cd等少数几种元素。同时，相对于纯元素B和Gd而言，B4C造价低，不产生放射性同位素，二次射线能量低，废料易于处理;而且耐腐蚀，热稳定性好，是国际上普遍接受的快中子吸收材料。目前 广泛用于核工业原子能反应堆的屏敝板和中子吸收芯块。

Boron carbide (B4C) has excellent neutron absorption ability,with a high neutron capture cross-sectional area and a wide capture energy spectrum.The thermal cross section of 10B is as high as 3750 bar (a bar unit for nuclear reactions,1.0*10-24cm2),second only to a few elements such as gadolinium Gd, samarium Sm,cadmium Cd, etc. Meanwhile, compared to pure elements B and Gd,BaC has a lower cost, does not produce radioactive isotopes, has lower secondary radiation energy, and is easier to dispose of as waste; Moreover, it is corrosion-resistant and has good therma stability, making it a widely accepted fast neutron absorbing material internationally. At present, it is widely used as a shielding plate and neutron absorption core block for nuclear industry atomic energy reactors.